The further development of this branch happened in the 19th century. So, microbes have a special role in biogeochemical cycles. A In many ways, they contribute to human health in terms of body physiology, metabolism, and excretion. Nurses use microbiology on the job in many ways. But microbiology also is an applied science, helping agriculture, health and medicine and maintenance of the environment, as well as the biotechnology industry. Currently there is a major emphasis on the application of "omics" approaches to determine the identities and functions of microbes inhabiting different environments. Microbiology is a broad term which includes virology, mycology, parasitology, bacteriology, immunology, and other branches. Diversity surveying, community fingerprinting, and functional interrogation of natural populations have become common, enabled by a battery of molecular and bioinformatics techniques. U.S. Geological Survey microbiology efforts span the disciplines and cover many broad research areas, including fish and wildlife health and disease, climate change, microbial ecology, public health and water quality, geomicrobiology, and ecosystem function. Though all the microorganisms are not good for our body, there are also microbes which help in enhancing our immunity system. 14. Microorganisms help in the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, an important process in the growth and development of plants. Microbes also help in the treatment of wastewater by promoting the decay of all the garbage from the water resources. There are also various other subdisciplines of microbiology which include: Microbes also play an important role in our body. The application of molecular biology and genomics to environmental microbiology has led to the discovery of a huge complexity in natural communities of microbes. Microbes play a very important role in all the cellular functions of our body. The movement of genes from one organism to the other, isolating the DNA, etc., happen with the help of bacteria. Various scrumptious food products like yogurt and cheese are also prepared with the help of microorganisms like bacteria. Microorganisms are cost effective agents for in-situ remediation of domestic, agricultural and industrial wastes and subsurface pollution in soils, sediments and marine environments. Together with bacteria, fungi are responsible for breaking down organic matter and releasing carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus into the soil and the atmosphere. Recent statistics on health care-acquired infections (HAIs) have caused well-publicised alarm. Microbes help in the decomposition of the toxic materials from the soil and hence prevent the toxin accumulation. Importance of environmental microbiology: Microbes in environment play an important role in scavenging. Moreover, these organisms prevent the entry of other harmful microorganisms into our body. Recent studies on the ecology of Cyanobacteria have covered many habitats and have demonstrated that cyanobacterial communities tend to be habitat-specific and that much genetic diversity is concealed among morphologically simple types. The research interests of the group range from biological removal of potential chemical stressors from the environment to bioenergy generation from organic waste. Microorganisms are cost effective agents for in-situ remediation of domestic, agricultural and industrial wastes and subsurface pollution in soils, sediments and marine environments. An average gram of soil contains approximately one billion (1,000,000,000) microbes representing probably several thousand species. Oil Biodegradation They are the backbone of ecosystems of the zones where light cannot approach. Microbiology is the study of microorganisms which must be viewed with the aid of a microscope or electron microscope. Molecular biology has revolutionized the study of microorganisms in the environment and improved our understanding of the composition, phylogeny, and physiology of microbial communities. The environment, in this case, means the soil, water, air and sediments covering the planet and can … Microbiology constantly use the marine snow to see how they are affecting the ocean environment. Microbial life is amazingly diverse and microorganisms literally cover the planet. The knowledge of microbiology play an important role to make them understand the maintenance of personal and community hygiene, the fundamentals of hospital and prevention of … Microbes are mainly used in the food industry for the process of fermentation. The microbes in the soil are responsible for decaying the dead organisms and thus clearing them from the surface of the earth. When nurses administer smears for the gram positive and negative testing, they use microbiology to analyze the smears for … (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Your email address will not be published. It is vital to monitor the composition of the indigenous and added bacterial consortium in order to evaluate the activity level of the bacteria, and to permit modifications of the nutrients and other conditions for optimizing the bioremediation process. Many natural pesticides are also manufactured using various bacteria and virus. Microbes, especially bacteria, are of great importance in the sense that their symbiotic relationship (either positive or negative) have special effects on the ecosystem. It is vital to consider various microorganisms and a great number of analyses are often required. Metagenomic data, the collective genetic material derived directly from an environmental sample, can be used to study the phylogenetic context of microbial diversity. These microbes help to distribute nutrients into other parts of the ocean. The beneficial effects of microbes derive from their metabolic activities in the environment, their associations with plants and animals, and from their use in food production and biotechnological processes. One in ten patients now leave hospital with an HAI, while deaths in which methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was implicated rose from 51 in the year 1993 to 800 in 2002 (Griffiths et al, 2004). In such zones, chemosynthetic bacteria are present which provide energy and carbon to the other organisms there. Compare the theories of spontaneous generation and biogenesis. Its outstanding applications in the field of food microbiology, medical microbiology, industrial microbiology, soil microbiology, water and wastewater microbiology, microbial technology (biotechnology), extraction of metals and environmental microbiology including … A fundamental understanding of how a cell works has come through the study of microorganisms. This means they clear any dead and decaying matter on the surface, in air and water. Analysis of Waste Biotreatment Importance of Microbiology in Environmental Science/ Sewage System: Environmental Microbiology is the study of microorganisms that lives in air, soil, water. Petroleum oil is toxic and pollution of the environment by oil causes major ecological concern. Bacteria are a boon to the environment and without them, the surroundings around us could not have been clean and tidy. What is the Importance of Studying Macroeconomics? Agriculture is one of the main sectors benefitted from microbiology. The field is concerned with the structure, function, and classification of such organisms and with ways … Importance of Environmental Microbiology. Bacteria are of economic importance because they cause disease in plants, animals and humans. The exudates released by the roots at night allow the expansion of the roots in the soil. Microbes decay any organic substance directly and inorganic substances indirectly. 10. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch scientist was the first person to conduct these studies by developing his own microscope and hence, he is known as the “Father of Microbiology”. Importance of environmental microbiology: Microbes in the environment play an important role in scavenging. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Acinetobacter strains isolated from the environment are capable of the degradation of a wide range of aromatic compounds. 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